A/HRC/48/4 138.123 Follow up on previous recommendations on corporal punishment of children and enact legislation explicitly prohibiting all forms of corporal punishment of children, including in the home (Liechtenstein); 138.124 Develop a framework on violence against and abuse and maltreatment of older persons (Mauritius); 138.125 Strengthen its efforts to improve prison conditions, reduce the rate of overcrowding and implement the United Nations Rules for the Treatment of Women Prisoners and Non-custodial Measures for Women Offenders (the Bangkok Rules) and the Nelson Mandela Rules (Thailand); 138.126 Take concrete measures to improve detention conditions, namely by reducing prison overcrowding and ensuring adequate food, water and health care to persons deprived of their liberty (Portugal); 138.127 Ensure that there is an adequate number of penitentiary facilities for minors to separate them from adults (Russian Federation); 138.128 Ensure that national laws and law enforcement practices comply with international standards on human rights and procedural safeguards for detainees (Russian Federation); 138.129 Ensure the availability of sufficient youth facilities so that all juveniles in pretrial detention are held separately from adults (Zambia); 138.130 Establish specialized juvenile detention centres in line with recently adopted internal rules and international standards (Bulgaria); 138.131 Step up efforts to reduce the prison population and improve living conditions in prisons (Burundi); 138.132 Detain children only in specialized child detention facilities (Germany); 138.133 Develop and implement a policy to address public health concerns in prisons, especially in relation to the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS to enhance the right to life (Malawi); 138.134 Improve prison conditions, including by reducing overcrowding and adopting measures to curb the spread of HIV in prisons (Mexico); 138.135 Adopt and enforce hate crime legislation that punishes homophobic and transphobic violence (Spain); 138.136 Undertake further measures to protect vulnerable groups of the population, in particular women, persons with disabilities and children (Ukraine); 138.137 Continue reforms in the areas of the judiciary and the penitentiary system in order to strengthen social justice and ensure the reintegration of those who have committed crimes (Gabon); 138.138 Accelerate the process of reforming the justice system and take measures to reduce the length of pretrial detention (Russian Federation); 138.139 Continue to strengthen measures to guarantee access to justice and to a fair trial (Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela); 138.140 Address the obstacles faced by victims of domestic violence in seeking remedies and obtaining protection (Zambia); 138.141 Take measures to avoid lengthy extrajudicial detention of suspects (Bulgaria); 138.142 Continue efforts to improve access to justice for persons with disabilities (Mozambique); 17